Emetics – Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry B. Pharma 1st Semester

Emetics

Contents

• Emetics

• The monograph analysis of:

 Copper sulphate

 Antimony potassium tartarate

Learning
Objectives

At the end of this
lecture, the student will be able to:

• Define: Emetics

• Explain the monograph analysis of:

 Copper sulphate

 Antimony potassium tartarate

Emetics

Definition:
Emetics are the agents which induces vomiting. Used for treating poisoning
cases

Mechanism of action:

• They may act directly on the gastrointestinal tract
bringing about emesis through local irritation effect. Ex: ammonium carbonate

• They may act indirectly through their effect on the
vomiting centre or chemo recptor trigger zone postermal area near the medulla.
Ex: Copper sulphate and Antimony potassium tart rate

Monograph
of Copper Sulphate

Name: Copper
Sulphate

Chemical formula:
CuSO4 5H2O

Molecular weight:
249.7

Standard: Copper
sulphate contains not less than 98.5 per cent and not more than 101.0 per cent.

Synonym: Cupric
sulphate, Blue vitriol

Method of
preparation:

2Cu + 2H2SO4 + O2 → 2CuSO4
+2H2O

Properties of Copper
sulphate:

Description: Deep
blue, triclinic crystals, soluble water in water

Assay: Redox,
Iodometric titration

CuSO4 + 2KI → CuI2 + K2SO4

2CuI2 ßàCu2I2
+ I2

I2 + Na2S2O3 → 2NaI + Na2S4O6

Cu2I2 + 2KSCN→ 2CuSCN + 2NaI

Indicator: Starch

Colour change:
Blue to colorless

Medicinal uses:

• Emetics

• Antidote for Phosphorus poisoning

• Astringent and as fungicide

Storage: store
protected from light and moisture

Monograph
of Antimony potassium tartarate

Name: Antimony
potassium tartarate

Chemical formula:
C4H4KO7Sb

Molecular weight:
333.93

Standard: It
contains not less than 99.0 per cent and not more than 103.0 per cent.

Synonym: Tarter
emteic

Method of
preparation:

KHC4H6O6 + Sb2O3
→ C4H4KO7Sb + H2O

Properties of
Antimony potassium tartarate:

Description:
Colorless crystals, efflorescent, sweet in taste, odourless, soluble in water
and insoluble in alcohol

Medicinal uses:

• Emetics

Storage: store in
a well-protected containers

 

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