Factors
affecting enzyme activity
1. Concentration of enzyme:-
As the concentration of enzyme is Increased, The velocity of
the Reaction also proportionally Increases:
Ex:- This property is used to determine the serum enzymes
for the diagnosis of diseases.
2. Concentration of
substrate:-
As the substrate concentration increases gradually the
Enzyme Reaction also
Increases but upto limited Range after that it becomes constant.
3. Effect of temperature:-
Velocity of an Enzyme Reaction Increases with Increase in
Temperature upto a maximum and then declines. A Bell shaped Curve is usually
observed. The optimum temperature for most of the enzyme is between 400c-450C.
When the Enzyme are Exposed to a Temperature above 500c
denaturation will take place. Majority
of the Enzymes Become inactive at higher Temperature above700c.
4. Effect of ph:-
Each enzyme has an optimum PH at which the velocity is
maximum. Below and above this pH, The
Enzyme activity is much lower and at Extreme pH, The Enzyme Becomes Totally
Inactive. Most the Enzymes shows optimum activity around Neutral pH (6-8).
5. Effect of
inhibitors:-
Presence of enzyme inhibitors reduces the enzyme action.
Heavy metals, are the inhibitors for enzyme activity.
6. Enzyme activators:-
Presence of activators in certain concentration increases
the enzyme activity i.e. cysteine HCL increases the proteolytic activity of
papain.
7. Effect of time:-
Under Ideal and optimal conditions the time required for an
Enzyme Reaction is less.
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