Hospital & Function of Hospital
The word “hospital “derived from the french word hospitalis
which in turn derived from latin word “hospes” that means “a host or a guest”
A hospital is a health care institution providing treatment to
patients with specialized staff and equipment.
Hospitals are institutions, which are mainly designed for
care for the sick, injured and well.
DEFINITION:-
Hospital is an integral part of a social and medical organization,
the functions of which is to provide for the population complete health care
both curative and preventive, and whose outpatient’s services reach out to the
family and its home environment. The hospital is also a centre for the training
of health worker and for bio social researches.
FUNCTIONS OF THE HOSPITAL
Patient
care
Diagnosis
and treatment of disease
Out
patient services
Medical
education and training
Medical
and nursing research
Prevention
of disease and promotion of health.
CLASSIFICATION OF HOSPITALS
They
classified according to ,
◦
Length of stay of the patient
Short Term
Long Term
◦
Clinical basis
General
Specialty
◦
Ownership /control basis
Public hospital
Voluntary hospital
Voluntary nursing homes
Corporate hospital
◦
Objectives
Teaching cum research hospital
General hospital
Specialized hospital
Isolation hospital
◦
Size
Teaching hospital
District hospital
Thaluk hospital
CHC
PHC
◦
Management
Union government hospital
State government
Autonomous bodies
Private hospital
Voluntary agencies
◦
System of medicine
Allopathic hospitals
Ayurvedic hospitals
Homeopathic hospitals
Unani hospital
Other system
Organization
of Hospital
OUT PATIENT DEPARTMENT
(OPD)
Consultation
with doctor
Undergo
investigations
Minor
procedures
Health
education
Receive specialty services
Rehabilitation
services
•
Medical
•
Surgical
•
OB and Gynec
•
Ophthalmology
•
ENT
•
Pediatrics
•
Orthopedic
•
Cardiology
•
Urology
•
Neurology
•
Psychiatry etc
EMERGENCY/CASUALTY
DEPARTMENT
Victims
of accidents
Patients
with cardiac arrest
Patients
with breathing difficulty
• located
in an area which is Easily accessible to
patients
• Should
have sufficient medical and nursing personnel
• Supplies
and equipments and facilities for meeting
INPATIENT SERVICE (IP)
Patient
who require continuous medical care and attention
Stay
overnight or for several days or
weeks or months for diagnosis, treatment
and therapy
Patients
are given the facilities for lodging, medical and nursing care
Services
ü Dietary
dept
ü Pharmacy
ü Other
paramedical services (radiology and
laboratory)
NURSING DEPARTMENT
Consist
of nursing service and nursing education service
◦
Nursing
service
Most
important dept
Head
: nursing officer / nursing superintendent
Other
personnel
◦
Assisstant nursing supdt
◦
Nursing supervisors
◦
Head nurses
◦
Staff nurses
◦
All nurses should possess registration/license
to practice as a nurse in the hospital
Nursing education service
◦
Attached nursing educational institutions
◦
Nursing courses : ANM, GNM, BSc nursing, Post
basic BSc nursing, MSc nursing
PARAMEDICAL DEPARTEMENT
Laboratory
: various investigations are carried out in the laboratories
Urine
Feces
Blood etc
Different
sessions:
Hematology
Biochemistry
Bacteriology
Parasitology
Pathology
Blood
bank
Radiology:
Radiological examinations and treatment are provided to the patient
This
department should have safety precautions to prevent radiological exposure to the patients and staff of the hospital
Dietary
:Meets the dietary requirements of the patients
Special
diets are served according to the condition of patients.
Eg : Salt restricted diet, fat restricted diet, diabetic diet etc
Dietician
is the responsible person for his department
Pharmacy:
this department is responsible for storing and dispensing medicines and IV fluids
OTHER DEPARTEMENTS
Administration and accounts
Housekeeping
Maintenance
CSSD
Laundry department
